Short-Term Variability of Heart Rate Turbulence in Chronic Heart Failure

Abstract

Background Heart rate turbulence (HRT) is associated with risk in chronic heart failure (CHF). The objective of this study was to assess the short-term variability of HRT and to compare the diagnostic yield of 7-day (7DH) versus 24-hour (1DH) Holter monitoring for calculating HRT in a CHF population. Methods and Results Forty-nine consecutive patients with CHF were studied. At inclusion, 7DH was performed to evaluate the variability of HRT parameters. For categorized analyses, turbulence onset (TO) ≥0% and turbulence slope (TS) ≤2.5 ms/RR were defined as abnormal, and patients were classified into subgroups based on the number of abnormal HRT parameters.The cumulative percentage of patients with calculable HRT increased from 69.4% with 1DH to 93.9% with 7DH. The intraclass correlation coefficients across the 7-day monitoring were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–0.89) for TO and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84–0.95) for TS. When comparing 2 randomly selected days, TO and TS values were similar (P > .1) and showed a strong correlation (TO: r = 0.79; TS: r = 0.84: P < .001). Bland-Altman plots showed a mean difference of 0.31% (95% CI −0.07 to 0.70) for TO and 0.44 ms/RR (95% CI −1.37 to 0.48) for TS. In contrast, categorized analyses showed that up to 16% of patients changed their HRT subgroup score from day 1 to day 2 of comparison. Conclusions In this population, 7DH significantly increased the percentage of patients with calculable HRT parameters. The short-term variability of the quantitative HRT values was good, but when patients were categorized into the established HRT subgroups, the concordance was suboptimal.