Guisado-Cuadrado, IsabelAlfaro-Magallanes, Víctor ManuelRomero-Parra, NuriaRael, BeatrizGuadalupe-Grau, AmeliaPeinado, Ana Belén2024-07-082024-07-082023Guisado-Cuadrado, I., Alfaro-Magallanes, V.M., Romero-Parra, N., Rael, B., Guadalupe-Grau, A. and Peinado, A.B. (2023), Influence of sex hormones status and type of training on regional bone mineral density in exercising females. European Journal of Sport Science, 23: 2139-2147. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2023.22119471746-1391https://hdl.handle.net/10115/37106The primary objective of this study was to examine the influence of hormonal ovarian profile and training characteristics on spine, pelvis, and total body bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of well-trained females. Forty-two eumenorrheic females, twenty-eight monophasic oral contraceptive (OC) users and thirteen postmenopausal females participated in this study. Body composition was measured by total body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to determine BMD of the areas of interest. Endurance-trained premenopausal females showed lower spine BMD compared to resistance-trained premenopausal females (1.03 ± 0.1 vs. 1.09 ± 0.09 g/cm2; p = 0.025). Postmenopausal females reported lower BMD level in comparison to eumenorrheic females in pelvis (1.079 ± 0.082 vs 1.19 ± 0.115 g/cm2; p = 0.005), spine (0.969 ± 0.097 vs 1.069 ± 0.109 g/cm2; p = 0.012) and total (1.122 ± 0.08 vs 1.193 ± 0.077 g/cm2; p = 0.018) and OC users whose duration of OC use was less than 5 years (OC < 5) in pelvis (1.235 ± 0.068 g/cm2; p < 0.001) and spine (1.062 ± 0.069 g/cm2; p = 0.018). In addition, lower BMD values were found in OC users who had been using OC for more than 5 years (OC ≥ 5) than eumenorrheic females in pelvis (1.078 ± 0.086 g/cm2; p = 0.029) and spine (0.966 ± 0.08 g/cm2; p = 0.05). Likewise, OC ≥ 5 showed lower values than and OC < 5 in pelvis (p = 0.004) and spine (p = 0.047). We observed a lower spine BMD value in premenopausal endurance-trained females compared to premenopausal resistance-trained females. Moreover, this research observed that prolonged use of OCs may reduce bone mass acquisition in the spine and pelvis, even in well-trained females. Finally, postmenopausal showed lower BMD despite being exercising women.engEumenorrheicoral contraceptivepostmenopauseoestradiolmechanical loadexerciseinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article10.1080/17461391.2023.2211947info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess