BURJC-Digital es el nombre del Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Tiene como objetivo archivar y preservar la producción científica resultante de la actividad académica e investigadora de la comunidad universitaria, con el fin de difundirla en acceso abierto.
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Water availability, stand structure, and hydraulic trait diversity drive forest stability
(Elsevier, 2025-10-15) Roces-Díaz, José V.; García-Valdés, Raúl; Cáceres, Miquel de; Descals, Adrià; Hurtado, Pilar; Lloret, Francisco; Espelta, Josep María; Álvarez-Martínez, José Manuel; Batllori, Enric; Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi
Forest productivity, essential for climate change mitigation, is increasingly threatened by environmental fluctuations, particularly droughts. Temporal stability in forest productivity —its ability to remain consistent over time— is influenced by climate, forest structure, community maturity, and tree composition and diversity. However, while the effect of taxonomic composition and diversity on forest stability has been extensively studied, the role of composition and diversity in drought related trait has received less attention. This study explores how drought-tolerance traits, alongside climatic and structural factors affect forest stability between 2000 and 2018 across ∼40,000 forest plots in Spain. We used satellite-derived vegetation indices as proxies for productivity to assess stability, and forest inventory data and species traits to calculate community-level drought tolerance. Water availability was the strongest positive driver of stability, with temporal stability, soil water-holding capacity, and forest maturity and density also contributing positively, though to a lesser extent. Minimum temperature had a small and negative effect. Functional diversity in drought-tolerance traits related to hydraulic safety (P50 and Hydraulic Safety Margin) had a modest but statistically significant and consistent positive effect on stability. Community-weighted mean trait values showed mixed effects. While climate was the dominant factor shaping forest stability, but our findings highlight a relevant role of drought-tolerance diversity, providing a potential mechanism to explain previous findings that drought-tolerance diversity enhances long-term productivity in drought-prone regions. This suggests that fostering drought-related functional diversification could be considered as a potential management strategy to strengthen the stability of forest ecosystem services, especially amid rising climate variability and drought frequency.
Levelling up esports research: Mapping the past, present, and future of a thriving digital arena
(Elsevier, 2025-10) Navarro-Lucena, Fernando; Molinillo, Sebastian; Anaya-Sánchez, Rafael; Muñoz-Leiva, Francisco
Electronic sports, or esports, is a rapidly expanding industry. While esports are relatively new, their attractiveness has provoked significant scientific production. The objectives of the present study are to identify the topics that have been analysed to date, the advances that have taken place in knowledge of the activity, the emerging trends and to propose future research directions. A bibliometric analysis of the relevant scientific production was undertaken through performance and co-word analyses of a database of the 1,097 articles published on esports and indexed in Scopus. The results identified six major thematic esports-related research areas: live streaming, marketing, gender, gambling, health and sports in general. Future research might examine the motivations for watching live streamings, their commercial exploitation by sponsoring companies, the possible relationship between esports and gambling and how the consumption/practise of esports affects health.
Valor del PSA inicial para predecir el diagnóstico y la muerte por cáncer de próstata. Resultados a largo plazo
(Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 2024) García-Cano Fernández, Alba María
El cáncer de próstata (CP) es una enfermedad con una incidencia elevada, y mortalidad
notable a nivel mundial, lo que condiciona que deba ser considerada un problema de
salud importante.
Según los análisis del año 2023 del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) (1), en los
resultados provisionales del primer semestre de 2023, los tumores suponen la segunda
causa de mortalidad en España después de las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio,
correspondiendo al 25,8% de las defunciones. En la estratificación por sexo, fallecieron
33.619 varones a causa de tumores, siendo esta dolencia la primera causa de muerte en
los hombres, por delante de las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio y respiratorio; y
la segunda en mujeres (23.449 fallecidas) por detrás de las enfermedades del sistema
circulatorio. Con respecto a los resultados definitivos de 2022, los tumores suponen la
segunda causa de mortalidad en España después de las enfermedades del sistema
circulatorio, correspondiendo al 24,7% (114.828 personas) de las defunciones. En
cuanto al número de fallecimientos por cáncer en varones en 2022, el CP es el tercero
en importancia (con un total de 5.962 fallecidos), por detrás de él se encuentran el
cáncer de pulmón y bronquios (16.747) y colorrectal (6.443). (2).
“Las Cifras del Cáncer en España” (3) es un informe anual editado por la Sociedad
Española de Oncología Médica (SEOM) que recoge los datos de incidencia, mortalidad,
supervivencia y prevalencia de cáncer en España. Según la edición de 2024 de dicho
informe, el número de cánceres diagnosticados en España en el año 2024 se estima que
alcanzará los 286.664 casos, basado en los cálculos de la Red Española de Registros de
Cáncer (REDECAN). Estiman que los cánceres más frecuentemente diagnosticados serán
los de colon y recto (44.294 nuevos casos), mama (36.395), pulmón (32.768), situando
en cuarto lugar el CP (30.316), y por detrás vejiga (22.097). En la estratificación por
sexos, el CP (30.316) será el cáncer más frecuentemente diagnosticado en varones en
España, por delante del colorrectal (27.6009), de pulmón (22.483) y de vejiga (18.247).
La American Cancer Society (ACS) estima los casos nuevos de cáncer y de muertes por
esta enfermedad en Estados Unidos (EEUU). En su análisis de 2024 se estiman 299.010
nuevos casos de CP, siendo el tumor más diagnosticado en varones (29%) por delante
del broncopulmonar (11%) y colorrectal (8%); y 35.250 muertes por esta neoplasia,
suponiendo el segundo tumor que más muertes genera en dicha población (11%) por
detrás del broncopulmonar (20%), y por delante del colorrectal (9%).
The Role of Minerals in the (Bio)-Geochemical Cycles of the Ocean Worlds of the Solar System
(Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 2024) Dios Cubillas, Ana de
The missions of exploration to the outer Solar System launched in the late 20th century revealed that the
Solar System harbours multiple ocean worlds. Water, an essential solvent for life, might exist in liquid phase
beneath the ice crusts of these planetary bodies, sustained by primordial heat and the energy dissipated
from gravitational interactions, both from the parental giant planet they orbit and from resonance with
nearby moons. The effect of this heat would be further enhanced by the presence of dissolved salts and
antifreeze compounds that would prevent the complete freezing of the subsurface oceans. In addition,
layers of insulating minerals in the crust and/or ocean, such as clathrate hydrates, would help to retain the
heat, preventing its loss to space and creating favourable conditions for habitability.
The key evidence supporting the existence of these subsurface oceans in the outer Solar System has
been provided by several discoveries from NASA-led space missions. The Galileo spacecraft detected
a self-induced magnetic signal on Jupiter’s moon Europa, suggesting the presence of a salty ocean
interacting with the giant planet’s magnetic field. The Cassini spacecraft identified kilometer-high plumes
of water vapour containing hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, and other long-chain hydrocarbons, along
with sodium salts such as chlorides, carbonates, and phosphates, emanating from the southern pole of
Saturn’s moon Enceladus. In addition, infrared and ultraviolet spectrometers on-board the Galileo and
Dawn spacecrafts detected salts on Europa and the dwarf planet Ceres. On Europa, sulphates, along
with halite and carbonates, were primarily identified, while on Ceres, calcium-magnesium, sodium, and
ammonium carbonates, as well as sodium and ammonium chlorides, were found. These deposits were
associated with tectonic, impact, or cryovolcanic structures, suggesting an endogenous origin, having been
transferred to the surface from the ocean or from subsurface reservoirs within the crust. Phyllosilicate,
minerals formed by aqueous alteration and which constitute a significant part of the composition of Ceres’
water-ice crust, along with its core of hydrated silicates, also support this hypothesis. These large-scale
hydrothermal water-rock interactions can only be explained by the existence of a global subsurface
ocean. These findings have expanded the concept of the habitable zone, previously restricted to inner
solar system planets with water on the planetary surface, to now include the possibility of deep habitats
beneath ice crusts.
Unveiling the electrochemical threshold properties of novel aluminum‑copper bimetallic foils anodes for high reversibility li-ion batteries
(Elsevier, 2025-09-30) Prado, Javier de; Børresen, Børre T.; Utrilla, Victoria; Ureña, Alejandro
High-reversibility aluminum‑copper bimetallic anodes have been characterized to determine the threshold specific capacity necessary to ensure a highly reversible process when used as anodes in Li-ion batteries.
By controlling the intercalation step, the formation of a β-AlLi surface layer on the aluminum side is promoted. This layer effectively mitigates the stress generated during the expansion and contraction associated to the charging/discharging process.
The threshold specific capacity was assessed by applying four different charging steps, corresponding to 5 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 50 % of the experimental specific capacity of aluminum, over 100 galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles. Additionally, the effects of different current densities (0.5 and 1 mA/cm2) and two aluminum qualities (1XXX and 3XXX) on the reversibility of the reactions and capacity loss were analyzed.
The results indicated that charging steps corresponding to a specific capacity of 200 mA.h.g−1 were identified as the threshold capacity for achieving reversible anode behavior. Although this property is the most critical factor, the threshold point also depends on various factors such as the aluminum alloy used for the bimetallic anodes and the current density applied. The use of the 3XXX alloy, which is underexplored in the literature for this application, has shown to improve electrochemical (EC) behavior, in some cases doubling the number of cycles in which the anode exhibits reversible EC behavior. Conversely, higher current densities lead to rapid volume changes, and the resulting stress cannot be relieved, thereby affecting the anode's service life.