Examinando por Autor "Atran, Scott"

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Threat Enhances Aggressive Inclinations Among Devoted Actors Via Increase in Their Relative Physical Formidability
(Sage, 2020-03-12) Vázquez, Alexandra; López-Rodríguez, Lucia; Martínez, Mercedes; Atran, Scott; Gómez, Ángel
Devoted actors—those who share sacred values with a group with which they are fused—are particularly willing to selfsacrifice to defend their group or values when they are threatened. Here, we explore whether they are also prone to aggressive inclinations toward those who endanger their group or convictions. To that end, we examined the effect of threat and the two components of the devoted actor framework—identity fusion and sacred values—on aggressive inclinations. These inclinations were registered with a videogame that allowed participants to destroy ingroup and outgroup symbols. Two experiments indicated that devoted actors reacted to threats to their ingroup and value by increasing aggressive inclinations against the rival group. This effect was apparently mediated by the perceived physical strength of the ingroup versus foes. Results suggest that devoted actors might be more prone to self-sacrifice, but also to attack those who threaten their group or values.
Willingness to sacrifice among convicted Islamist terrorists versus violent gang members and other criminals
(Nature, 2022-02-16) Gómez, Ángel; Atran, Scott; Chinchilla, Juana; López-Rodríguez, Lucia; Paredes, Borja; Martínez, Mercedes; Blanco, Laura; Alba, Beatriz; Bautista, Hend; Fernández, Saulo; Pozuelo-Rubio, Florencia; González-Álvarez, José Luis; Chiclana, Sandra; Valladares-Narganes, Hector; Alonso, María; Ruíz-Alvarado, Alfredo; López-Novo, José Luís; Davis, Richard
Is terrorism just another form of criminal activity, as many nations’ justice systems assume? We ofer an initial answer using facetoface interviews and structured surveys in thirtyfve Spanish prisons.Recent theories of extreme sacrifce inform this direct observational and comparative study. Islamist terrorists display levels of selfsacrifce for their primary reference group similar to that of Latino gangs, but greater willingness to sacrifce for primary values than other inmates (nonradical Muslims, Latino gangs, and delinquent bands). This disposition is motivated by stronger perceived injustice, discrimination, and a visceral commitment to such values (risk/radicalization factors). Nevertheless, state authorities, prison staf, and families are (protective/deradicalization) factors apt to reduce willingness to sacrifce and keep foreign fighters, now being released in large numbers, from returning to terrorism.