Examinando por Autor "Herrera-Franco, Gricelda"

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CLUE-S model based on GIS applied to management strategies of territory with oil wells—Case study: Santa Elena, Ecuador
(Elsevier, 2022) Herrera-Franco, Gricelda; Escandón-Panchana, Paulo; Montalván Toala, Francisco Javier; Velastegui-Montoya, Andrés
Some cities worldwide have oil wells directly affecting the management of the territory. For example, La Libertad and Salinas districts contain 467 oil wells in urban areas representing a major land-use planning challenge. The objective is to apply the CLUE-S land use model in coastal cities with oil wells (Salinas-La Libertad), using geographic information systems considering environmental and security characteristics for territorial development. The stages of the study are: i) classification and categorisation of oil wells; ii) application of the GIS-CLUE-S method and visualisation of land use dynamics; iii) use the SWOT-TOWS matrix, for the analysis of the situation and the main factors affecting the territory. The results indicate high vulnerability in many urban sectors and those close to the coastline. Furthermore, the CLUE-S analysis shows that the population growth in the urban sector is close to oil well areas, making it a complex pole of human-industry interaction that impacts the management of the territory. This study synthesises three technical aspects: some oil wells do not comply with municipal ordinance regulations; identification of vulnerable zones due to environmental and security factors, which recommends a territorial reordering policy; as well as an education plan for the application of territorial ordering policies, with awareness and sustainability projections.
Geometric Model of a Coastal Aquifer to Promote the Sustainable Use of Water. Manglaralto, Ecuador
(MDPI, 2021-03-28) Carrión-Mero, Paul; Quiñonez-Barzola, Ximena; Morante-Carballo, Fernando; Montalván Toala, Francisco Javier; Herrera-Franco, Gricelda; Plaza-Úbeda, José
Modeling an aquifer provides significant advantages when evaluating and estimating the water resource for its sustainable use. This study focuses on the rural parish Manglaralto, a semi-arid area with a shortage of water, and without supply service by the public network. Still, it has a great demand for supply by the local and floating population (tourism). This has caused the coastal aquifer, which supplies the area’s water, to show signs of overexploitation, and its natural balance is compromised. The aim is to establish a geometric model of the aquifer through geological and geophysical analysis to set sustainable water-use guidelines. The methodology includes: (i) the processing of the current technical and hydrogeological information to know the aquifer’s data; (ii) geometric modeling of the aquifer through the correlation of technical information, using the GeoModeller software; (iii) proposals for the sustainable use of water in the framework of the United Nations’ Agenda 2030. The geometric model results reveal that the aquifer’s thickness varies from 4 m at the head of the river to 30 m at the sea’s mouth. The volume of water is estimated at 13.6 Hm3. The sustainable-use proposals ensure that more than half of the population receives the community company’s service. More than 40% of the territory is a protected area, and 64% of the population has sewerage service. This geometric model is a visual contribution that allows us to know the aquifer’s shape and establishes guidelines that help strengthen the water supply’s development and sustainability over time.
Vulnerability in a Populated Coastal Zone and Its Influence by Oil Wells in Santa Elena, Ecuador
(MDPI, 2022-07-29) Herrera-Franco, Gricelda; Montalván Toala, Francisco Javier; Velastegui-Montoya, Andrés; Caicedo-Potosí, Jhon
The oil industry requires studies of the possible impacts and risks that exploration, exploitation, and industrialization can cause to the environment and communities. The main objective of this study was to assess the vulnerability caused by oil wells of the Salinas and La Libertad cantons in Ecuador by proposing a multi-criteria spatial analysis methodology that would aid in land-use planning and management. The proposed methodology relates the variables of distance, identification of gas emission from oil wells, permeability, and the state of oil wells (DIPS). The methodology consists of: (i) the diagnosis of oilfield wells; (ii) environmental considerations of productive wells, wells in temporary abandonment, and wells in permanent abandonment; (iii) the vulnerability assessment of both intrinsic and extrinsic aspects of the wells; and (iv) the development of a vulnerability map and recommendations for land management. The results showed 462 wells in the study area, of which 92% were shown to be located in urban areas. Of the total, 114 wells were considered to be productive wells, 89% of which are in urban areas. The vulnerability map identified the areas to be addressed, which coincided with coastal and urban areas associated with oil production. Our main recommendation is to elaborate land-use planning regulations and build safety infrastructure around the wells to guarantee their distance from houses, beaches, and tourism-development sites. The vulnerability map was shown to serve as an essential diagnostic for decision making in managing oil territories, especially in coastal areas.