Examinando por Autor "Hylander, Kristoffer"

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ForestClim—Bioclimatic variables for microclimate temperatures of European forests
(Wiley, 2023-04) Haesen, Stef; Lembrechts, Jonas J.; De Frenne, Pieter; Lenoir, Jonathan; Aalto, Juha; Ashcroft, Michael B; Kopecký, Martin; Luoto, Miska; Maclean, Ilya; Nijs, Ivan; Niittynen, Pekka; van den Hoogen, Johan; Arriga, Nicola; Brůna, Josef; Buchmann, Nina; Čiliak, Marek; Collalti, Alessio; De Lombaerde, Emiel; Descombes, Patrice; Gharun, Mana; Goded, Ignacio; Govaert, Sanne; Greiser, Caroline; Grelle, Achim; Gruening, Carsten; Hederová, Lucia; Hylander, Kristoffer; Kreyling, Jürgen; Kruijt, Bart; Macek, Martin; Máliš, František; Man, Matěj; Manca, Giovanni; Radim, Matula; Camille, Meeussen; Merinero, Sonia; Minerbi, Stefano; Montagnani, Leonardo; Lena, Muffler; Ogaya, Romá; Peñuelas, Josep; Plichta, Roman; Portillo-Estrada, Miguel; Schmeddes, Jonas; Shekhar, Ankit; Spicher, Fabien; Ujházyová, Mariana; Vangansbeke, Pieter; Weigel, Robert; Wild, Jan; Zellweger, Florian; Van Meerbeek, Koenraad
Microclimate research gained renewed interest over the last decade and its importance for many ecological processes is increasingly being recognized. Consequently, the call for high-resolution microclimatic temperature grids across broad spatial extents is becoming more pressing to improve ecological models. Here, we provide a new set of open-access bioclimatic variables for microclimate temperatures of European forests at 25 × 25 m2 resolution.
High‐resolution data are necessary to understand the effects of climate on plant population dynamics of a forest herb
(John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2024-01) Christiansen, Ditte M; Römer, Gesa; Dahlgren, Johan P; Borg, Malin; Jones, Owen R; Merinero, Sonia; Hylander, Kristoffer; Ehrlén, Johan
Climate is assumed to strongly influence species distribution and abundance.Although the performance of many organisms is influenced by the climate intheir immediate proximity, the climate data used to model their distributionsoften have a coarse spatial resolution. This is problematic because the local cli-mate experienced by individuals might deviate substantially from the regionalaverage. This problem is likely to be particularly important for sessile organ-isms like plants and in environments where small-scale variation in climate islarge. To quantify the effect of local temperature on vital rates and populationgrowth rates, we used temperature values measured at the local scale (in situlogger measures) and integral projection models with demographic data from37 populations of the forest herbLathyrus vernusacross a wide latitudinal gra-dient in Sweden. To assess how the spatial resolution of temperature datainfluences assessments of climate effects, we compared effects from modelsusing local data with models using regionally aggregated temperature data atseveral spatial resolutions (≥1 km). Using local temperature data, we foundthat spring frost reduced the asymptotic population growth rate in the first oftwo annual transitions and influenced survival in both transitions. Only one ofthe four regional estimates showed a similar negative effect of spring frost onpopulation growth rate. Our results for a perennial forest herb show that ana-lyses using regionally aggregated data often fail to identify the effects of cli-mate on population dynamics. This emphasizes the importance of usingorganism-relevant estimates of climate when examining effects on individualperformance and population dynamics, as well as when modeling species dis-tributions. For sessile organisms that experience the environment over smallspatial scales, this will require climate data at high spatial resolutions.
Intraspecific variation influences performance of moss transplants along microclimate gradients
(Wiley, 2020-01) Merinero, Sonia; Dahlberg, C. Johan; Ehrlén, Johan; Hylander, Kristoffer
Identifying the environmental drivers of population dynamics is crucial to predict changes in species abundances and distributions under climate change. Populations of the same species might differ in their responses as a result of intraspecific variation. Yet the importance of such differences remains largely unexplored. We examined the responses of latitudinally distant populations of the forest moss Hylocomiastrum umbratum along microclimate gradients in Sweden. We transplanted moss mats from southern and northern populations to 30 sites with contrasting microclimates (i.e., replicated field common gardens) within a forest landscape, and recorded growth and survival of individual shoots over 3 yr. To evaluate the importance of intraspecific variation in responses to environmental factors, we assessed effects of the interactions between population origin and microclimate drivers on growth and survival. Effects on overall performance of transplanted populations were estimated using the product of survival and growth. We found differences between southern and northern populations in the response to summer temperature and snowmelt date in one of three yearly transitions. In this year, southern populations performed better in warm, southern-like conditions than in cold, northern-like conditions; and the reverse pattern was true for northern populations. Survival of all populations decreased with evaporation, consistent with the high hydric demands and poikilohydric nature of mosses. Our results are consistent with population adaptation to local climate, and suggest that intraspecific variation among populations can have important effects on the response of species to microclimate drivers. These findings highlight the need to account for differential responses in predictions of species abundance and distribution under climate change.
Warm range margin of boreal bryophytes and lichens not directly limited by temperatures
(Wiley, 2021-10) Greiser, Caroline; Ehrlén, Johan; Luoto, Miska; Meineri, Eric; Merinero, Sonia; Willman, Benny; Hylander, Kristoffer
Species at their warm range margin are potentially threatened by higher temperatures, but may persist in microrefugia. Whether such microsites occur due to more suitable microclimate or due to lower biotic pressure from, for example competitive species, is still not fully resolved. We examined whether boreal bryophytes and lichens show signs of direct climate limitation, that is whether they perform better in cold and/or humid microclimates at their warm range margin. We transplanted a moss, a liverwort and a lichen to 58 boreal forest sites with different microclimates at the species' southern range margin in central Sweden. Species were grown in garden soil patches to control the effects of competitive exclusion and soil quality. We followed the transplanted species over three growing seasons (2016–2018) and modelled growth and vitality for each species as a function of subcanopy temperature, soil moisture, air humidity and forest type. In 2018, we also recorded the cover of other plants having recolonized the garden soil patches and modelled this potential future competition with the same environmental variables plus litter. Species performance increased with warmer temperatures, which was often conditional on high soil moisture, and at sites with more conifers. Soil moisture had a positive effect, especially on the moss in the last year 2018, when the growing season was exceptionally hot and dry. The lichen was mostly affected by gastropod grazing. Recolonization of other plants was also faster at warmer and moister sites. The results indicate that competition, herbivory, shading leaf litter and water scarcity might be more important than the direct effects of temperature for performance at the species' warm range margin. Synthesis. In a transplant experiment with three boreal understorey species, we did not find signs of direct temperature limitation towards the south. Forest microrefugia, that is habitats where these species could persist regional warming, may instead be sites with fewer competitors and enemies, and with sufficient moisture and more conifers in the overstorey.