Examinando por Autor "Loor-Flores de Valgas, Carolina"

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Flow and Transport Numerical Model of a Coastal Aquifer Based on the Hydraulic Importance of a Dyke and Its Impact on Water Quality. Manglaralto¿Ecuador
(MDPI, 2021-02-08) Carrión-Mero, Paul; Montalván Toala, Francisco Javier; Morante-Carballo, Fernando; Loor-Flores de Valgas, Carolina; Apolo-Masache, Boris; Heredia, Javier
Coastal aquifers are part of the natural resources contributing to local development and promote resilience in the most vulnerable communities near the sea. Manglaralto, an Ecuadorian coastal parish, is affected by water resource scarcity. The increase in salinity and deterioration of the water quality is generated by the local and floating population’s demand, causing an increase in the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentrations and decreasing the aquifer’s piezometric levels. The aim is to establish a numerical model of flow and transport of the Manglaralto coastal aquifer by using hydrogeological data and Visual Transin software, relating the hydraulic importance of a dyke’s design (“tape”) and its impact on the quality of the water. The methodology is (i) hydrogeological database analysis, (ii) the system’s recharge concerning the soil water balance, (iii) the boundary conditions of the flow and transport model and, (iv) the results and validation of the numerical simulation. The results configure the importance of the coastal aquifer’s artificial recharge in the area where the tape is located, as reflected in the increase in piezometric levels and the decrease in salinity in wells near the sea. In conclusion, the numerical model of flow and transport allows expanding the knowledge of the variation of the piezometric levels and TDS concentrations over time, the importance of recharge in the hydrogeological system’s operation, and correct community management resilience and projection to sustainable development.
Sediment Transport Study for the Establishment of Erosion, Deposition, and Undermining Zones in the Manglaralto Riverbed, Santa Elena-Ecuador
(Springer, 2023) Montalván Toala, Francisco Javier; Solórzano, Joselyne; Sánchez, Emily; Baque-Pozo, Jennyffer; Barzola-González, Lissette; Loor-Flores de Valgas, Carolina; Carrión-Mero, Paul
Rivers play an essential role in basin management. Manglaralto River is a natural agent in the water supply of the Manglaralto parish. The undermining, transport, and sedimentation processes are fundamental in the hydraulic dynamics of Manglaralto River, and it impacts the underground hydrology of the basin. This study aims to evaluate the sediments transport in the suspension of the Manglaralto riverbed, using hydrological and hydraulic information of the basin, with the HEC-RAS 5.0.3 software for determining accumulation, undermining, and balance zones and identifying flood risk areas. The methodology consisted of (i) Revising information base, (ii) Obtaining hydraulic data and defining scenarios for simulation, and (iii) performing sediment transport Simulation with HEC-RAS version 5.0.3. The results indicate the presence of balance, sedimentation, and undermining zones. The study reveals that sedimentation along the channel is mainly related to the Manglaralto River speed and water flow rate that produce accumulation, erosion, and balance areas. This analysis is the first guidelines for determining and developing protection perimeters, which must be supported by complementary studies to create an early warning for the population. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Vulnerability to Contamination of the Olón Aquifer Using the GOD Method, Olón-Ecuador
(Springer, 2023) Montalván Toala, Francisco Javier; Solórzano, Joselyne; Sánchez, Emily; Bailón-Piguave, Idania; Tomalá-Guale, Héctor; Loor-Flores de Valgas, Carolina; Carrión-Mero, Paul
Vulnerability is an indicator of foreseeable risks in aquifer’s quality, considering the environment and anthropogenic implications. This measure is determined by different conditions and realities of a system, such as air and water quality, economic studies, health and hygiene and landslides. Aquifers are prone to contamination by extrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting water quality. This work focuses on determining the vulnerability to contamination of the Olón aquifer, using the Groundwater Overlaying Depth (GOD) method for zoning the areas susceptible to contamination. The methodology consisted of three phases: (i) gathering of basic hydrogeological information; (ii) Application of geographic information systems according to the GOD method in the Olón aquifer; (iii) Analysis of the findings and elaboration of the vulnerability map. The results indicate that the aquifer, in its entire domain, has a high vulnerability index, mainly due to its intrinsic conditions and their relationship with anthropic activities in the sector. This methodology has made it possible to detect predominant factors that influence contamination and provides details for strategic planning of measures to be considered to preserve the resource and its nature. The extreme vulnerability near the coastline is caused by human settlement and tourist activities. This methodology made it possible to detect the predominant factors polluting the aquifer.; therefore, measures for protecting the community and its resources must be taken. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.