Examinando por Autor "Luque Casado, Antonio"

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An Integrative Clustering Approach to tDCS Individual Response Variability in Cognitive Performance: Beyond a Null Effect on Working Memory
(Elsevier, 2020-07-28) Luque Casado, Antonio; Rodríguez Freiría, Rocio; Fogelson, Noa; Iglesias Soler, Eliseo; Fernández del Olmo, Miguel
Despite the growing interest in the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the modulation of human cognitive function, there are contradictory findings regarding the cognitive benefits of this technique. Inter-individual response variability to tDCS may play a significant role. We explored the effects of anodal versus sham tDCS over the left prefrontal cortex (LPFC) on working memory performance, taking into account the inter-individual variability. Twenty-nine healthy volunteers received an 'offline' anodal tDCS (1.5 mA, 15 min) to the left prefrontal cortex (F3 electrode site) in an intra-individual, cross-over, sham-controlled experimental design. n-back and Sternberg task performance was assessed before (baseline), immediately after tDCS administration (T1) and 5 min post-T1 (T2). We applied an integrative clustering approach to characterize both the group and individual responses to tDCS, as well as identifying naturally occurring subgroups that may be present within the total sample. Anodal tDCS failed to improve working memory performance in the total sample. Cluster analysis identified a subgroup of 'responders' who significantly improved their performance after anodal (vs. sham) stimulation, although not to a greater extent than the best baseline or sham condition. The proportion of 'responders' ranged from 15% to 59% across task conditions and behavioral outputs. Our findings show a high inter-individual variability of the tDCS response, suggesting that the use of tCDS may not be an effective tool to improve working memory performance in healthy subjects. We propose that the use of clustering methods is more suitable in identifying 'responders' and for evaluating the efficacy of this technique.
Development and validation of the Spanish version of the PADEX checklist to promote adherence to physical exercise in people with long-term health conditions and older adults.
(Disability and Rehabilitation, 2024-03-03) Lavín Pérez, Ana Myriam; Del Coso Garrigos, Juan; Luque Casado, Antonio; Amado Alonso, Diana; Peñacoba Puente, Cecilia; Del Villar Álvarez, Fernando; Collado Mateo, Daniel
Purpose: To develop and assess the validity of a simple and potentially useful tool with measures to enhance adherence to exercise programs to be used by researchers and exercise professionals when designing exercise interventions in people with long-term health conditions and older adults. Materials and methods: Based on a previous umbrella review, a checklist with key aspects for adherence to physical exercise named Promoting Adherence to Physical Exercise (PADEX) was created in Spanish. Subsequently, an evaluation of the comprehensibility, relevance, and applicability using a quantitative [0–10 points] and qualitative approach was performed by a panel of 31 independent experts. Furthermore, 20 breast cancer women who had been exercise users for at least 4 months evaluated the relevance of each item. Results: Mean and median scores were higher than 8 for all items in comprehensibility, relevance, and applicability. The final version of PADEX includes 23 items about the exercise program to be answered by the exercise professional who designs it or conducts it. Conclusions: The PADEX scale showed adequate face, content and construct validity. This checklist is a potentially useful tool for enhancing adherence to exercise programs in people with long-term health conditions and older adults.
Exercise practice associates with different brain rhythmic patterns during vigilance
(Elsevier, 2020-10-01) Luque Casado, Antonio; Ciria, Luis F; Sanabria, Daniel; Perakakis, Pandelis
Cardiovascular fitness has repeatedly been associated to enhanced cognitive and brain functioning, generally in the form of differences in reaction time and response accuracy, as well as in event-related potentials (ERPs) and blood-oxygen-level-dependent imaging while participants performed executive demanding tasks. However, the evidence regarding potential differences in oscillatory neural activity, an inherent characteristic of brain functioning, is scarce. To fill this gap, here, we extracted and analysed (using a data-driven exploratory approach) brain oscillatory activity, both tonic (overall electroencephalographic - EEG - oscillatory activity) and transient (event related spectral perturbation [ERSP] and inter-trial coherence [ITC]), from a previous published dataset (Luque-Casado et al. 2016), where we showed different behavioural and ERP patterns during a vigilance/sustained attention task as a function of cardiovascular fitness in young adults. The ERSP results of the current study revealed increased theta (4-8 Hz) and upper beta (20-40 Hz) power and reduced lower beta (14-20 Hz) suppression after the target stimulus presentation in the higher-fit group compared to their lower-fit peers, but these differences disappeared in the second part of the task. ITC results mimicked the ERSP pattern within theta (4-8 Hz), while no differences were observed for the remaining frequency bands. Interestingly, the overall time-dependent effect in transient oscillatory activity followed the reaction time pattern of results. The analysis of the overall EEG oscillatory (tonic) dynamics did not show significant differences between groups. In sum, cardiorespiratory fitness was related to a brain oscillatory differential response pattern over a wide range of the frequency spectrum and spatio-temporal distribution, which seems to underlie the positive relationship between aerobic fitness and behavioural performance in a sustained attention task. Future studies are warranted to study the causal nature (beyond mere association) of these findings.
Exploring the effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the prefrontal cortex on working memory: A cluster analysis approach
(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2019-08-06) Luque Casado, Antonio; Fogelson, Noa; Iglesias Soler, Eliseo; Fernández del Olmo, Miguel
BACKGROUND: The interest in the use of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the enhancement of cognitive functioning has increased significantly in recent years. However, the efficacy of this technique remains to be established. OBJECTIVE: The current study explored the effects of anodal vs. sham tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during the performance of the digit span backwards task. METHODS: 30 healthy participants received 'offline' anodal tDCS (1.5 mA, 15 min) to the left DLPFC in an intra-individual, cross-over, sham-controlled experimental design. Memory span performance was assessed before (baseline), immediately after tDCS administration (T1) and 10 min post-T1 (T2). We applied cluster analysis in order to characterize individual responses to tDCS, and in order to identify naturally occurring subgroups that may be present. RESULTS: Analysis of all the subjects showed that anodal tDCS failed to improve memory span performance. Cluster analysis revealed the presence of a subgroup of 'responders' that significantly improved their performance after anodal (vs. sham) tDCS in T1 (47%) and T2 (46%). However, there was no significant improvement in performance after anodal tDCS compared to the best baseline performance. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that tDCS does not improve memory span performance and highlights the need for better ways to optimize methodological approaches in order to account for inter-individual variability and accurately assess the evidential value of tDCS-linked cognitive outcomes.
Key Factors Associated with Adherence to Physical Exercise in Patients with Chronic Diseases and Older Adults: An Umbrella Review
(International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021-02-19) Collado Mateo, Daniel; Lavín Pérez, Ana Myriam; Peñacoba Puenta, Cecilia; Del Coso Garrigos, Juan; Leyton Román, Marta; Luque Casado, Antonio; Gasque Celma, Pablo Ignacio; Fernández Del Olmo, Miguel Ángel; Amado Alonso, Diana
Physical inactivity is a major concern and poor adherence to exercise programs is often reported. The aim of this paper was to systematically review published reviews on the study of adherence to physical exercise in chronic patients and older adults and to identify those adherencerelated key factors more frequently suggested by reviews for that population. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Results were classified considering the target population and participants’ characteristics to identify the most repeated factors obtained for each condition. Fifty-five articles were finally included. Fourteen key factors were identified as relevant to increase adherence to physical exercise by at least ten reviews: (a) characteristics of the exercise program, (b) involvement of professionals from different disciplines, (c) supervision, (d) technology, (e) initial exploration of participant’s characteristics, barriers, and facilitators, (f) participants education, adequate expectations and knowledge about risks and benefits, (g) enjoyment and absence of unpleasant experiences, (h) integration in daily living, (i) social support and relatedness, (j) communication and feedback, (k) available progress information and monitoring, (l) self-efficacy and competence, (m) participant’s active role and (n) goal setting. Therefore, adherence to physical exercise is affected by several variables that can be controlled and modified by researchers and professionals.
The relationship between vigilance capacity and physical exercise: a mixed-effects multistudy analysis
(PeerJ Inc, 2019-06-06) Sanabria, Daniel; Luque Casado, Antonio; Perales, José C.; Ballester, Rafael; Ciria, Luis F.; Huertas, Florentino; Perakakis, Pandelis
A substantial body of work has depicted a positive association between physical exercise and cognition, although the key factors driving that link are still a matter of scientific debate. Here, we aimed to contribute further to that topic by pooling the data from seven studies ( = 361) conducted by our research group to examine whether cardiovascular fitness (VO), sport type participation (externally-paced (e.g., football or basketball) and self-paced (e.g., triathlon or track and field athletes) vs. sedentary), or both, are crucial factors to explain the association between the regular practice of exercise and vigilance capacity. We controlled for relevant variables such as age and the method of VO estimation. The Psychomotor Vigilance Task was used to measure vigilance performance by means of reaction time (RT). The results showed that externally-paced sport practice (e.g., football) resulted in significantly shorter RT compared to self-paced sport (e.g., triathlon) and sedentary condition, depicting larger effects in children and adolescents than in adults. Further analyses revealed no significant effect of cardiovascular fitness and self-paced sport practice, in comparison to the sedentary condition, on RT. Our data point to the relevance of considering the type of sport practice over and above the level of cardiovascular fitness as crucial factor to explain the positive association between the regular practice of exercise and vigilance capacity.