Examinando por Autor "Prieto-Egido, Ignacio"

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Data Science Analysis and Profile Representation Applied to Secondary Prevention of Acute Coronary Syndrome
(Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2021) Garcia-Garcia, Antonio; Prieto-Egido, Ignacio; Guerrero-Curieses, Alicia; Feijoo-Martinez, Juan Ramon; Munoz-Romero, Sergio; Manzano Fernandez, Sergio; Flores-Blanco, Pedro Jose; Rojo-Alvarez, Jose Luis; Martinez-Fernandez, Andres
The analysis oflarge amounts of data from electronic medical records (EMRs) and daily clinical practice data sources has received increasing attention in the last years. However, few systematic approaches have been proposed to support the extraction of the wealth and diversity of information from these data sources. Specifically, Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) data are available in many hospitals and health units because ACS shows elevated morbidity and mortality. This work propases a method called Data Science Analysis and Represen tation (DSAR) to scrutinize and exploit, in a univ aiiate way, scientific information content in limited ACS samples. DSAR us es Bootstrap Resampl ing to provide robust, cross-sectional, and non-parametric statis tical tests on categorical and metric variables. lt also constructs an informative graphical representation of the database variables, which helps to interpret the results and to identify the relevant variables. Our objectives were to validate DSAR by comparing it to conventional statistical methods when looking for the most relevant variables in the secondary prevention of ACS, and to determine the degree of correlation between them and the Exitus event (associated with patient death). To achieve this objective, we applied DSAR on an anonymized sample of 270 variables from 2377 patients diagnosed with ACS. The results showed that DSAR identified 44% significant variables while conventional methods offered weak correlation results. Then, the scientific literature was reviewed for a set of these variables, validating the agreement with clinical experience and previous ACS research. The conclusion is that DSAR is a valuable anda useful method for clinicians in the identification of potentially predictive variables and, overall, a good starting point for future multivariate secondary analyzes in the clinical field of ACS, or fields with similai· information characteristics.
Detection of high-risk pregnancies in low resource settings: a case study in Guatemala
(BMC, 2019) Crispín Milart, Patricia Hanna; Prieto-Egido, Ignacio; Díaz Molina, Cesar Augusto; Martínez-Fernández, Andrés
Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality is still very high at a global level, even though its reduction is a goal established among the Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations. In order to improve prenatal care to address this challenge, this article proposes a strategy to detect and refer high risk pregnancies in rural setting through a portable ultrasound system combined with blood and urine strip tests. Methods: The Healthy Pregnancy project was conceived as a single, explanatory and positivist case study, with a sample of ten thousand pregnant women attended by itinerant nurses of the Departments of Alta Verapaz and San Marcos. These nurses were trained and equipped with 31 portable ultrasound, and blood and urine tests to detect common obstetric pathology. Moreover, two obstetricians were responsible for remotely supervising the quality of prenatal care. Target communities were selected by the Health Directorates of the public health system from those that had the highest maternal mortality in previous years. Results: The project attended to 10,108 women in 2 years and 3 months. 55 twin gestations (0.54%) were diagnosed. Non-cephalic presentation was found in 14.87% of the pregnant women attended from week 32 onwards. 20 patients were referred for non-evolutive gestation. An 11.08% prevalence of anemia was detected. Urine infections were diagnosed in 16.43% of the cases. Proteinuria was detected in 2.6% of patients, but only 17 of them presented high blood pressure and were therefore referred with a suspected pre-eclampsia. Discussion: The results obtained indicate that an intervention of these characteristics makes it possible to improve the quality of care of rural pregnant women in low and middle-income countries. Conclusion: The results show that with suitable equipment, training, and supervision, the nursing staff in charge of care in rural areas can identify and refer most of the obstetric risks in time, which may contribute to the reduction of maternal mortality.
Development and validation of a health information system to improve prenatal controls in Guatemala
(Springer, 2023-07-30) Prieto-Egido, Ignacio; Garrido Madrigal, Aitor; Barrena García, Cristina
Reducing maternal mortality, one of the targets in the Sustainable Devel-opment Goals, continues to be a challenge for many low- and middle-income countries. Initiatives that seek to address this problem often face difficulties in recording and managing information on antenatal check-ups. Information on controls is critical to be able to monitor pregnancy adequately and to be able to evaluate the results of interventions. This article details the process of developing and validating an information system used in a project to im-prove prenatal controls in rural areas of Guatemala. The development of the system began with a needs analysis in which local institutions participated, and OpenMRS, a free software tool, was selected for implementation. The proposed information system became operational in September 2014 and, by December 2016, had already registered more than 10,000 attendances. The cases reported increased progressively in that period while the percentage of completed forms improved, reaching close to 100% at the end of the analysis period. The tool also allowed 99.31% of cases to be reviewed by specialists. The analysis results show that the system was adopted by health personnel, although some aspects of improvement that should be considered in future versions have been identified.
Expanding Rural Community Networks Through Partnerships with Key Actors
(Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2022) Prieto-Egido, Ignacio; Simó-Reigadas, Javier; Castro-Barbero, Eva; Quispe Tacas, River
The infrastructures deployed by classical telecommunications oper ators are appropriate and cost-effective for urban-oriented business models, but rural areas with very low population density require alternatives both in terms of the technology used and in business models. New generation networks become more and more dense and heterogeneous, increasing the gap as operators can not spend the required CAPEX and OPEX in sparsely populated areas where the revenues will certainly be very low. At the same time, an increasing number of communities worldwide provide themselves networking solutions, which is becoming a global alternative move ment called "community networks". However, rural areas are challenging because of the technical difficulti es of getting connected to the world and the scarcity of technical skills, among other reasons. Other stakeholders such as municipalities or regional governments are also relevant actors but cannot provide a solution by themselves. Partnerships between different actors for deploying rural connectivity could be the answer, taking advantage somehow of the "shared infrastructure model" proposed in IETF RFC7962. This paper analyses the relationship between dif ferent stakeholders and the main elements to consider when deploying mobile communications services in isolated and sparsely populated regions. The analysis uses a case study from the Napo River Network in Peru and compares it with other experiences such as Zenzeleni Networks in South Africa or Rizhoma tica in Mexico.
Impacts of information and communication technologies on the SDGs: the case of Mayu Telecomunicaciones in rural areas of Peru
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Prieto-Egido, Ignacio; Sanchez-Chaparro, Teresa; Urquijo-Reguera, Julia
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are considered a cross-cutting tool that contributes to meeting the global challenges set out in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, in many countries, there is still a significant connectivity gap between cities and rural areas. Using a case study approach and the Digital-for-development paradigm proposed by Heeks, this paper explores an innovative strategy for addressing the rural connectivity gap and examines its impact on the SDGs. The model under analysis is the Rural Mobile Infrastructure Operator (RMIO). The specific case analyzed is the first company operating under an RMIO figure and offering services in underserved rural areas of Peru. The results show that the RMIO strategy primarily contributes to some specific targets of SDGs 3, 9, and 17. Key stakeholders can use the methodology and results of this study to develop strategies to address the connectivity divide and promote the achievement of the SDGs in rural contexts.
Interdisciplinary Alliances to Deploy Telemedicine Services in Isolated Communities: The Napo Project Case
(MDPI, 2018-07-02) Prieto-Egido, Ignacio; Simó-Reigadas, Javier; Martínez-Fernández, Andrés
Rural telecommunications projects in developing regions have a long history of unsuccessful experiences due to the complexity of such projects: Practically none of the dimensions of integral sustainability are straight forward in such projects. When sustainability becomes a priority, it is difficult for traditional alliances of development to account for all critical success factors. In the Peruvian Amazon Rainforest, some institutions have developed rural telecommunications projects along the Napo River during the last 10 years. The experience has shown at each stage what aspects of sustainability were not taken into account because the partners involved did not have all the needed capacities, and this has made the alliances of partners evolve in a sustainability-driven manner. This paper analyzes these cases and assesses how sustainability has evolved in relation to the structure of such alliances.
Small rural operators techno-economic analysis to bring mobile services to isolated communities: The case of Peru Amazon rainforest
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2020) Prieto-Egido, Ignacio; Aragon Valladares, Joel; Muñoz, Olga; Cordova Bernuy, Cesar; Simo-Reigadas, Javier; Auccapuri Quispetupa, Darwin; Bravo Fernandez, Alejandro; Martinez-Fernandez, Andres
A large number of rural communities in developing countries do not have access to communications services, unlike urban areas where these services have rapidly grown. This connectivity gap is mainly caused by the urban-oriented business models of traditional operators, which are not cost-effective in regions that are characterized by isolation, low population density, and scarcity of resources. This paper analyzes a feasible and sustainable strategy to deploy mobile communications services (voice and data) in isolated communities in developing countries with less than 1000 inhabitants by combining appropriate low-cost technologies and an innovative business model fostered by recent regulation. This innovative model is based on the legal figure of the SRO (Small Rural Operator), which is specifically oriented to reach small communities in isolated rural areas. The results are based on a real deployment in 6 communities of the Peruvian Amazon, which was carried out by a consortium of universities, NGOs (Non-Government Organizations), and cellular operators. This deployment allowed us to obtain practical information on the cost structure of mobile networks in isolated areas, characterize the rural demand and the revenues associated with it, and understand how the business model of traditional operators could be adapted. This information permitted us to propose, implement and validate the SRO approach. The paper shows the results of this research and provides some lessons learned. The main conclusion is that the recent Peruvian regulation opened a niche market for SROs who want to offer services in isolated communities with less than 1000 inhabitants.