TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DESTINATIONS: ADDRESSING THE CURRENT PARADIGM¿S VULNERABILITIES

Abstract

This paper delves into the strengths and vulnerabilities of the current tourism paradigm and explores their socioeconomic and cultural implications in a transversal manner. The key approaches and evolution of tourism are critically analysed, uncovering the multidimensional nature of the Tourism System, which encompasses both tangible and intangible elements. Despite its profitability and worldwide reach, the current tourism paradigm is revealed to be deeply unsustainable, characterised by weaknesses such as fragility and seasonality, and rampant threats such as overtourism, gentrification, and climate change. To tackle these vulnerabilities, the paper proposes a paradigm shift towards Sustainable Tourism Destinations. This involves embracing sustainable development practices, which entails the understanding of sustainability importance, its dimensions, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as paramount targets. Potential actions to achieve these SDGs through tourism are outlined and classified into environmental, social, and economic goals. Furthermore, practical case studies are analysed closely to discuss and propose potential opportunities stemming from sustainable tourism initiatives, with the aim of addressing each vulnerability within the Sustainable Development Goals¿ framework. In conclusion, the present paper advocates for a comprehensive approach to achieve Sustainable Tourism Destinations, emphasizing the need for collaboration, innovation, and community engagement. It offers recommendations for stakeholders in the tourism industry to adopt sustainable practices and mitigate the adverse impacts of the current paradigm, thereby fostering resilience and ensuring the long-term viability of tourism destinations.