Examinando por Autor "Valiente, Carmen"

Mostrando 1 - 2 de 2

El análisis de redes en psicopatología: Conceptos y metodología
(Funveca, 2019-04-01) Blanco, Iván; Contreras, Alba; Valiente, Carmen; Espinosa, Regina; Nieto, Inés; Vazquez, Carmelo
En las últimas décadas, la validez de los sistemas diagnósticos categoriales, como el DSM o la CIE, ha sido puesta en duda. Una alternativa conceptual es el análisis de redes (AR), que concibe los problemas psicológicos simplemente como cadenas de síntomas causalmente relacionados y no como elementos emergentes de un trastorno o una enfermedad latente. El AR utiliza herramientas estadísticas para analizar los patrones de síntomas y sus dinámicas lo que permite identificar los síntomas centrales y periféricos dentro de una red sintomática y el potencial papel causal de cada síntoma dentro de la red. El AR abre nuevas vías para abordar problemas clásicos de los sistemas categoriales tales como la comorbilidad, los factores de vulnerabilidad y el análisis de las variables diferentes a los síntomas (p. ej., eventos estresantes). En definitiva, el AR en psicopatología se presenta como una alternativa prometedora a las concepciones vigentes de la psicopatología aunque aún ha de demostrar que es una herramienta útil para la clínica y la investigación.
The study of psychopathology from the network analysis perspective: A systematic review
(Karger Publishers, 2019-03-19) Contreras, Alba; Nieto, Inés; Valiente, Carmen; Espinosa, Regina; Vazquez, Carmelo
Background: Network analysis (NA) is an analytical tool that allows one to explore the map of connections and eventual dynamic influences among symptoms and other elements of mental disorders. In recent years, the use of NA in psychopathology has rapidly grown, which calls for a systematic and critical analysis of its clinical utility. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review of published empirical studies applying NA in psychopathology, between 2010 and 2017, was conducted. We included the literature published in PubMed and PsycINFO using as keywords any combination of "network analysis" with the terms "anxiety," "affective disorders," "depression," "schizophrenia," "psychosis," "personality disorders," "substance abuse" and "psychopathology." Results: The review showed that NA has been applied in a plethora of mental disorders in adults (i.e., 13 studies on anxiety disorders; 19 on mood disorders; 7 on psychosis; 1 on substance abuse; 1 on borderline personality disorder; 18 on the association of symptoms between disorders), and 6 on childhood and adolescence. Conclusions: A critical examination of the results of each study suggests that NA helps to identify, in an innovative way, important aspects of psychopathology like the centrality of the symptoms in a given disorder as well as the mutual dynamics among symptoms. Yet, despite these promising results, the clinical utility of NA is still uncertain as there are important limitations on the analytic procedures (e.g., reliability of indices), the type of data included (e.g., typically restricted to secondary analysis of already published data), and ultimately, the psychometric and clinical validity of the results.