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ROS System Facial Emotion Detection Using Machine Learning for a Low-Cost Robot Based on Raspberry Pi

dc.contributor.authorMartínez, Javier
dc.contributor.authorVega, Julio
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-06T10:54:00Z
dc.date.available2024-02-06T10:54:00Z
dc.date.issued2022-12-26
dc.identifier.citationJavier Martínez and Julio Vega. ROS system facial emotion detection using machine learning for a low-cost robot based on Raspberry Pi. Electronics 2023, 12(1), January 2023.es
dc.identifier.issn2079-9292
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10115/29748
dc.description.abstractFacial emotion recognition (FER) is a field of research with multiple solutions in the stateof-the-art, focused on fields such as security, marketing or robotics. In the literature, several articles can be found in which algorithms are presented from different perspectives for detecting emotions. More specifically, in those emotion detection systems in the literature whose computational cores are low-cost, the results presented are usually in simulation or with quite limited real tests. This article presents a facial emotion detection system—detecting emotions such as anger, happiness, sadness or surprise—that was implemented under the Robot Operating System (ROS), Noetic version, and is based on the latest machine learning (ML) techniques proposed in the state-of-the-art. To make these techniques more efficient, and that they can be executed in real time on a low-cost board, extensive experiments were conducted in a real-world environment using a low-cost general purpose board, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. The final achieved FER system proposed in this article is capable of plausibly running in real time, operating at more than 13 fps, without using any external accelerator hardware, as other works (widely introduced in this article) do need in order to achieve the same purpose.es
dc.language.isoenges
dc.publisherMDPIes
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional*
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/*
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectROSes
dc.titleROS System Facial Emotion Detection Using Machine Learning for a Low-Cost Robot Based on Raspberry Pies
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlees
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/electronics12010090es
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesses


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Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 InternacionalExcept where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional