Exploring Tandem Breastfeeding Motivations Via Self-Determination Theory: An Interpretative Phenomenological Study

Abstract

Background: Tandem breastfeeding is defined as a situation in which a mother continues breastfeeding her child through a subsequent pregnancy, including after the new baby is born. In some countries where motherhood may be delayed and the time between births may be reduced, support for the promotion of tandem breastfeeding is necessary to help mothers continue to breastfeed their eldest child and avoid early weaning. There is no existing research on mothers' motivations to breastfeed in tandem. The aim of the present study is thus to explore the motivations of women for the initiation and maintenance of tandem breastfeeding, based on lived experience, via self-determination theory. Methods: An interpretive phenomenological study was carried out through in-depth interviews with 15 mothers in Madrid who had practiced tandem breastfeeding for more than 6 months, and whose weaning of their eldest child had occurred within the previous year. Convenience and snowball sampling were performed. The data were analyzed with Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Results: Among the motivations for initiating tandem breastfeeding, the following themes were identified: “avoid wasting the effort invested”, “desire such life experience” and “exercise the freedom to decide”. The motivations for maintaining tandem breastfeeding were classified as “pass on parenting values” and “benefits of teamwork”. Conclusion: The participants, based their motivation to breastfeed in tandem following their freely chosen motherhood model and their discovery of the advantages of its implementation, forming a team of themselves and their children and healing their traumatic perinatal experiences.