Exploring MOF-Nanoparticle Hybrids: Enhanced Performance in Contaminant Photodegradation and C–C Catalytic Coupling

Abstract

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of seven novel hybrid materials integrating Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) with diverse nanoparticles. Among these hybrids, four were anchored onto TiO2(F) nanoparticles and subjected to comprehensive characterization. Their catalytic efficacy was assessed against various contaminant models, revealing exceptional degradation capabilities, particularly in the breakdown of small molecules like phenol derivatives (e.g., 4-chlorophenol) compared to larger molecules such as methylene blue (MB) when exposed to UV light. Notably, these materials showcased superior degradation performance even surpassing that of pure TiO2(F) in its anatase phase. Conversely, our investigation extended to three newly developed nanomaterials derived from Pd nanoparticles as catalysts, which were evaluated for their catalytic activity in Suzuki–Miyaura and Sonogashira C–C coupling reactions. Remarkably, these Pd-based nanomaterials exhibited exceptional conversion and yield percentages at significantly low palladium concentrations, underscoring their high catalytic efficiency.