A review of International Counter-Terrorism strategy through a criminological assessment of the punitive model implemented in Europe

Abstract

Jihadist terrorism, especially since the Al Qaeda attacks in 2001 and the consolidation of Daesh as an autonomous group in the following decade, has reasonably represented one of the main political concerns worldwide. In turn, the cruelty exhibited by Daesh has caused an undeniable impact on public opinion, which demands security above all else and which has been exploited by the public authorities to promote military and security strategies, together with a restrictive policy on fundamental rights such as freedom of expression, advancing the criminal barrier to questionable limits.