Influence of hybrid modification on functional properties of a commercial bio-titanium alloy Ti6Al4V

Abstract

Although Ti6Al4V is widely used, its surface still needs improvement for medical applications. Here alloy was modified by a two-step process: laser treatment followed by micro-arc oxidation (MAO). This aimed to create a rough surface enriched with bioelements such as sodium, phosphorus, and zinc. SEM analysis revealed a complex but uneven surface, suggesting good potential for further hybrid surface development. Laser treatment improved the alloy’s stability and corrosion resistance. Wettability tests confirmed full hydrophilicity, a key factor in cell response. Notably, the single- and double-modified samples without nZnO showed the best biological performance, likely due to their high hydrophilicity.