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1820-1823: de Cádiz a Brasil pasando por Portugal. O dicho de otro modo: del Trienio liberal, de la revolución constitucional de Oporto y de la independencia brasileña
(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distanca, 2012) Gonzalez Hernández, Esther
Estudio historiográfico de la influencia de la Constitución española de Cádiz de 1812 en las revoluciones portuguesas y brasileña y en el constitucionalismo histórico portugués (Constitución de Portugal de 1822)y brasileño (Constitución brasileña de 1826) desde la perspectiva del análisis del Derecho Comparado con material de archivo inédito.
(1897–1900) of robots and rhetoric: Nikola Tesla’s telautomaton and the boundaries of scientific communication at the turn of the twentieth century
(SAGE Publications, 2021) Wuebben, Daniel
This article examines the historical moment surrounding Nikola Tesla’s invention of a radio-controlled submarine boat in 1897. Before this moment, in the early 1890s, Tesla’s rich theoretical understanding of electricity and novel experiments with high-frequency currents and oscillators, later named “Tesla coils,” informed his lectures to scientists and engineers at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the Royal Society, the French Society of Physicists, and the Franklin Institute. Tesla was celebrated as a “pioneer in electric science” (Hospitalier, 1892: 195) across North America and Europe. His scientific standing was further solidified with the publication of his first book, Inventions, Researches, and Writings of Nikola Tesla (Martin, 1894). Yet, a few years later, Tesla began to engage with the philosophical debates related to automaton theory and he failed to accurately communicate his ideas and the practicality of his inventions. These actions splintered the consensus about Tesla’s scientific credentials.
2-Mercaptopyrimidine-functionalized mesostructured silicas to develop electrochemical sensors for a rapid control of scopolamine in tea and herbal tea infusions
(Elsevier, 2020) Gañán, Judith; Morante-Zarcero, Sonia; Pérez-Quintanilla, Damián; Sierra, Isabel
Mesostructured silicas were synthesized and chemically functionalized with a 2- mercaptopyrimidine (MPY)-derivative. Bare and functionalized silicas (MSU-2, HMS, SBA-15, MSU-2-MPY, HMS-MPY and SBA-15-MPY) were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, transmission electron and scanning electron microscopy, 29Si and 13C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, and used to prepare modified carbon paste electrodes (CPEs). The electrodes properties were studied using potassium ferrocyanide and scopolamine as probes employing cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Results proved that MPY groups on the silica surface were necessary to improve the sensitivity in the voltammetric determination of scopolamine. CPE modified with HMS-MPY exhibited higher peak current toward the oxidation of scopolamine, with a well-defined oxidation peak at + 1.1 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in DPV. This fact can be attributed to the high electroactive area of this material, with 3 D wormholelike channel structure that favored the scopolamine diffusion. Under optimum conditions, HMS-MPY-CPE exhibited a wider linearity range, from 0.9 to 200 μM, with a detection limit of 0.3 μM and good reproducibility by DPV. The developed sensor was successfully applied for a rapid determination of scopolamine in spiked tea and herbal tea infusion samples with good recoveries (between 83 ± 5 and 101 ± 1%).
210Po and major ions in drainage water from soil treated with various types of fertilizers
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2007-10-29) Jiménez, Fernando; López, Raúl; Debán, Luís; Pardo, Rafael; García-Talavera, Marta
The levels of 210Po, nutrients (NH4+, NO3−, PO43−) and major ions (Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, F−, NO2−, Br−, Cl−,SO42−) were determined, by means of lysimeter experiences, in drainage waters for agricultural soils untreated and treated with different types of fertilizers (animal manure, sewage sludge and NPK synthetic fertilizer) applied at several rates. Analytical determinations were performed by using α-spectrometry in the case of 210Po, or Ion Exchange liquid chromatography for the other ionic species. Statistical uni andmultivariate analysis of the results shown significant differences among lixiviates according to the different fertilizer treatments. Sewage sludge and manure applications resulted in similar compositions of lixiviates with low 210Po levels, whereas synthetic fertilizers produced higher 210Po concentrations and different concentration patterns of ionic species when applied at or above the recommended rates. All 210Po levels were well below the limits proposed by the 2001/928/ Euratom Recommendation. The concentrations of the rest of the ionic species, exception made from NH4+ and NO3−, were also below the limits proposed by Spanish regulations
25 Años sin Andrei Tarkovski: de itinerarios y caminantes
(Dirigido Por, 2011-11) Tejeda, Carlos
Estudio de la obra de Andrei Tarkovski a propósito del 25 aniversario de su fallecimiento.
2D/2D NiTi-LDH/BiOBr photocatalyst with extraordinary NOx removal under visible light
(Elsevier, 2023) Oliva, M.A.; Ortíz-Bustos, Josefa; Cruz-Yusta, M.; Martin, F.; del Hierro, Isabel; Pérez, Yolanda; Pavlovic, I.; Sánchez, Luis
Many current studies are focused on the development of 2D/2D nanosystems based on non-traditional semiconductors as efficient visible light-active photocatalysts, due to their interesting structural and optical properties. Thus, the charge-separation in heterostructures can be enhanced by boosting the interfacial contact. In this work, robust 2D/2D NiTi/BiOBr composites have been prepared by incorporating a 2D layered BiOBr into NiTi-layered double hydroxides (LDH) for the subsequent study of their photocatalytic action in the control of NOx pollution. The successful formation of a type-II heterojunction between both semiconductors has been confirmed by several characterization techniques (including XPS, NMR and electrochemical studies), indicating an intimate contact interface that helps enhance the visible light photocatalytic performance of NiTi-LDH. In particular, the NiTi–LDH/BiOBr–0.6 heterojunction, with a more efficient separation of photoinduced carriers, showed exceptional NO removal efficiency under visible light and remarkable robustness for the recycling process.
3-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2H-isoindol-1-yl]-1-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione as a candidate for solar cells applications
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2020-12) El Haimeur, Amine; Levkov, Igor; Yegorova, Tatyana; Kysil, Andrii, I.; Shilin, Sergey V.; Konovalova, Irina S.; Bakkali, Hicham; Blanco, Eduardo; Voitenko, Zoia
En este trabajo se estudian las propiedades estructurales, morfológicas y ópticas del derivado estable de isoindol que tiene una estructura o-quinoide. Esto nos permite elegir un candidato prometedor para la aplicación de células solares. Los espectros UV experimentales y los cálculos teóricos aplicados al método M06-2X/cc-pVTZ confirman la presencia de una elevada conjugación p en el compuesto objeto de estudio. El uso de ambos métodos para calcular los espectros de absorción teóricos (CAM-B3LYP/cc-pVTZ y W97X/cc-pVTZ+PCM (CH3CN), proporcionan resultados que se correlacionan suficientemente con los datos experimentales.
360° Video for Research Communication and Dissemination: A Case Study and Guidelines
(IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, 2023-01-24) Wuebben, Daniel; Rubio Tamayo, Jose Luis; Gertrudix Barrio, Manuel; Romero Luis, Juan
Impact Statement: Practitioner Takeaway •Time-limited 360° videos that can disseminate research results via social media platforms like YouTube require special considerations, especially during the production process. •Surveys responses (n = 32) evaluating six two-dimensional video interviews with scientists and six 360° video tours of their lab spaces suggest a significant interest in 360° video for research communication and dissemination. •The article includes guidelines for creating short, time-limited 360° videos that feature a few select vantage points and a narrator to guide the viewers' attention. Abstract: Introduction: 360° videos are increasingly popular channels for science communication and higher education; however, time-limited 360° videos that disseminate scientific research via platforms like YouTube remain underexamined. To address this problem, this experience report reviews the creation and evaluation of six 2D video interviews and six 360° video tours. About the case: The European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) and other public-facing organizations already publish 2D videos on social media channels and host 360° video content on their institutional websites. This case addresses the affordances and constraints of creating short 360° videos for publication on public-facing platforms. Situating the case: 360° video content has been incorporated into science communication and pedagogical practices in higher education. The authors review these developments and show the need for further research on time-limited 360° video. Methods/approach: Scientists researching energy-related technologies were invited to record 2D video interviews. Based on these interviews, six transcripts for 360° videos were drafted and recorded in the same lab settings. When the videos were published, European researchers and communication professionals were recruited to complete a short survey evaluating the videos’ relative merits. Results/discussion: The survey results (n = 32) suggest a similar overall quality of the 2D video interviews and 360° video tours. Respondents ranked the interviewee or narrator as the best feature of both the 2D and 360° format, and 47% said that they would prefer to have a 360° video created about their research. Based on our experience, we provide guidelines related to the production and publication of short 360° videos. Conclusion: Further research and practice are required to understand which specific features of the 360° videos are most effective and whether this technology offers distinct advantages as a tool for dissemination. Further research and practice will establish more detailed approaches to 360° video.
3D geometric reconstruction of Upper Cretaceous passive diapirs and salt withdrawal basins in the Cotiella Basin (southern Pyrenees)
(Journal of the Geological Society, 2016) López-Mir, Berta; García-Senz, Jesús; Muñoz, Josep Anton; López-Mir, Berta
High-quality images provided by 3D seismic surveys have transformed the interpretations of salt geometries in passive margins. Complementary field studies are needed to expand the ideas derived from seismic image interpretation. The Cotiella Basin exposes middle Coniacian–early Santonian basins developed by post-rift gravity-driven extension and passive diapirism in the proto-Atlantic Ocean. Salt-related sedimentary and structural features were preserved during the subsequent Pyrenean Orogeny, but the diapirs were squeezed to such a degree that they were completely destroyed. As a result, their influence on the development of the Cotiella Basin remains unclear. This paper presents a 3D geometric reconstruction of the extensional faults, the stratigraphic surfaces and the associated salt structures with the main objective of discussing the role of extension versus salt withdrawal. Our results indicate that the main Cotiella Basin was dominated by extensional faulting combined with along-strike salt migration, whereas the smaller Armeña, Mediodía and Seira basins were mainly dominated by salt withdrawal, involving the growth of passive diapirs, salt pillows and transfer faults. This is relevant because the described structures constitute an almost unique example to study in outcrop the structural style and kinematics of structures usually found offshore.
3D human pose estimation from depth maps using a deep combination of poses
(Elsevier, 2018-08) Marín-Jiménez, Manuel J.; Romero-Ramirez, Francisco J.; Muñoz-Salinas, Rafael; Medina-Carnicer, Rafael
Many real-world applications require the estimation of human body joints for higher-level tasks as, for example, human behaviour understanding. In recent years, depth sensors have become a popular approach to obtain three-dimensional information. The depth maps generated by these sensors provide information that can be employed to disambiguate the poses observed in two-dimensional images. This work addresses the problem of 3D human pose estimation from depth maps employing a Deep Learning approach. We propose a model, named Deep Depth Pose (DDP), which receives a depth map containing a person and a set of predefined 3D prototype poses and returns the 3D position of the body joints of the person. In particular, DDP is defined as a ConvNet that computes the specific weights needed to linearly combine the prototypes for the given input. We have thoroughly evaluated DDP on the challenging ‘ITOP’ and ‘UBC3V’ datasets, which respectively depict realistic and synthetic samples, defining a new state-of-the-art on them
3D model-based tracking combining edges, keypoints and fiducial markers
(Springer Nature, 2023-12) Jurado-Rodriguez, David; Muñoz‑Salinas, Rafael; Garrido‑Jurado, Sergio; Romero‑Ramirez, Francisco J.; Medina‑Carnicer, Rafael
Model-based tracking is an essential task in fields such as Augmented Reality. State-of-the-art approaches rely on the model’s edges, sometimes combined with image keypoints and color. Nevertheless, these image features are not considered part of the model but as temporary information discarded every time the tracking process is restarted. This paper proposes a novel approach that employs an enhanced model that combines edges, keypoints, and fiducial markers for robust and real-time tracking. The experiments conducted show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art modelbased approaches and suggest that fiducial markers are a good choice for texturing models.
3D printed anti-icing and de-icing system based on CNT/GNP doped epoxy composites with self-curing and structural health monitoring capabilities
(IOP Publishing, 2020-12-31) Cortés, Alejandro; F Sánchez Romate, Xoan; Jiménez-Suárez, Alberto; Campo, Mónica; G Prolongo, Margarita; G Prolongo, Silvia
Las capacidades de detección de tensión, autocurado y autocalentamiento de un circuito impreso en 3D de una resina reforzada con nanoplaquetas de grafeno y nanotubos de carbono han sido ampliamente exploradas. Estos materiales exhiben altas capacidades de efecto de calentamiento por efecto Joule que se pueden utilizar para procesos de postcurado. Más específicamente, los valores de temperatura de transición vítrea alcanzados por el postcurado con calentamiento por Joule fueron muy similares a los obtenidos por el calentamiento en horno convencional. El perfil de temperatura a lo largo de cada cinta individual fue relativamente homogéneo, siendo un indicativo de una buena dispersión de nanopartículas, confirmado por análisis de microscopio electrónico de barrido . Además, los circuitos impresos propuestos mostraron excelentes capacidades de detección con una sensibilidad mucho mayor, con un factor de galga de 6-8, en comparación con otros, con un factor de galga de alrededor de 2, mostrando también una buena linealidad. Además, la rotura de cintas individuales puede detectarse fácilmente por el sistema de detección como un aumento brusco de la resistencia eléctrica.
3D printed epoxy-CNTs/GNPs conductive inks with application in anti-icing and de-icing systems
(Elsevier, 2020-12-05) Cortés, Alejandro; Jiménez-Suárez, Alberto; Campo, Mónica; Ureña, Alejandro; G. Prolongo, Silvia
En este trabajo se estudia el desarrollo y caracterización de circuitos conductores impresos en 3D basados en tintas epóxicas dopadas con nanotubos de carbono (CNTs) y/o nanoplaquetas de grafeno (GNPs), que podrían ser utilizados en aplicaciones como circuitos electrónicos, asientos calefactados, sistemas antihielo y deshielo (ADIS) o sistemas de monitorización de la salud estructural (SHM), entre otros. Se ha llevado a cabo un diseño de experimentos (DOE) por el método Taguchi para desarrollar y optimizar un ADIS basado en un circuito impreso en 3D, utilizando una tinta conductora dopada con CNTs/GNPs para conseguir un calentamiento por efecto Joule. El objetivo se basa en alcanzar la temperatura media más alta, que se ha medido mediante análisis termográfico de infrarrojo, teniendo en cuenta también la calidad de los circuitos impresos en 3D. Los factores del DOE han sido el contenido de CNT y GNP, el voltaje aplicado al circuito y su geometría, proponiendo dos diseños alternativos. Finalmente, se ha llevado a cabo un ensayo de deshielo con los parámetros óptimos obtenidos a partir del DOE. Los resultados evidencian la viabilidad del sistema desarrollado, siendo capaz de fundir una capa de hielo de 2,5 mm de espesor en 3 minutos y 30 segundos.
3D-Printed Liquid Cell Resonator with Piezoelectric Actuation for In-Line Density-Viscosity Measurements
(Sensors - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2021-11-18) Toledo, Javier; Ruiz-Díez, Víctor; Velasco, Jaime; Hernando-García, Jorge; Sánchez-Rojas, José Luis
The in-line monitoring of liquid properties, such as density and viscosity, is a key process in many industrial areas such as agro-food, automotive or biotechnology, requiring real-time automation, low-cost and miniaturization, while maintaining a level of accuracy and resolution comparable to benchtop instruments. In this paper, 3D-printed cuboid-shaped liquid cells featuring a rectangular vibrating plate in one of the sides, actuated by PZT piezoelectric layers, were designed, fabricated and tested. The device was resonantly excited in the 3rd-order roof tile-shaped vibration mode of the plate and validated as a density-viscosity sensor. Furthermore, conditioning circuits were designed to adapt the impedance of the resonator and to cancel parasitic effects. This allowed us to implement a phase-locked loop-based oscillator circuit whose oscillation frequency and voltage amplitude could be calibrated against density and viscosity of the liquid flowing through the cell. To demonstrate the performance, the sensor was calibrated with a set of artificial model solutions of grape must, representing stages of a wine fermentation process. Our results demonstrate the high potential of the low-cost sensor to detect the decrease in sugar and the increase in ethanol concentrations during a grape must fermentation, with a resolution of 10 µg/mL and 3 µPa·s as upper limits for the density and viscosity, respectively.
48 tesis sobre la tensión entre la elite globalista y la pretensión de capitalismo multipolar de V. Putin
(UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE (UFRN) Natal, Brasil, 2015) García Bilbao, Pedro Alberto
La principal tesis de este trabajo consiste en que para hacer frente a los desafíos que le plantean a Rusia los escenarios geopolíticos globales, pero también sus problemas sociales internos, la elite rusa realmente existente y su gobierno deberían tomar decisiones que van en contra de su propia posición de clase en la estructura social rusa. Como tesis secundaria exponemos que en las condiciones de capitalismo global cualquier intento de conseguir ciertos grados de autonomía implica enfrentamiento. El llamado capitalismo multipolar es, pues, más una pretensión generadora de conflictos, que una realidad asentada
4D Model Flow: Precomputed Appearance Alignment for Real-time 4D Video Interpolation
(Wiley, 2015-10-15) Hilton, Adrian; Christian, Theobalt; Collomosse, John; Richardt, Christian; Casas, Dan
We introduce the concept of 4D model flow for the precomputed alignment of dynamic surface appearance across 4D video sequences of different motions reconstructed from multi-view video. Precomputed 4D model flow allows the efficient parametrization of surface appearance from the captured videos, which enables efficient real-time rendering of interpolated 4D video sequences whilst accurately reproducing visual dynamics, even when using a coarse underlying geometry. We estimate the 4D model flow using an image-based approach that is guided by available geometry proxies. We propose a novel representation in surface texture space for efficient storage and online parametric interpolation of dynamic appearance. Our 4D model flow overcomes previous requirements for computationally expensive online optical flow computation for data-driven alignment of dynamic surface appearance by precomputing the appearance alignment. This leads to an efficient rendering technique that enables the online interpolation between 4D videos in real time, from arbitrary viewpoints and with visual quality comparable to the state of the art.
4D Video Textures for Interactive Character Appearance
(Wiley, 2014-05-01) Hilton, Adrian; Collomosse, John; Volino, Marco; Casas, Dan
4D Video Textures (4DVT) introduce a novel representation for rendering video-realistic interactive character animation from a database of 4D actor performance captured in a multiple camera studio. 4D performance capture reconstructs dynamic shape and appearance over time but is limited to free-viewpoint video replay of the same motion. Interactive animation from 4D performance capture has so far been limited to surface shape only. 4DVT is the final piece in the puzzle enabling video-realistic interactive animation through two contributions: a layered view-dependent texture map representation which supports efficient storage, transmission and rendering from multiple view video capture; and a rendering approach that combines multiple 4DVT sequences in a parametric motion space, maintaining video quality rendering of dynamic surface appearance whilst allowing high-level interactive control of character motion and viewpoint. 4DVT is demonstrated for multiple characters and evaluated both quantitatively and through a user-study which confirms that the visual quality of captured video is maintained. The 4DVT representation achieves >90% reduction in size and halves the rendering cost.
4D-Printed Resins and Nanocomposites Thermally Stimulated by Conventional Heating and IR-Radiation
(ACS, 2021) Cortés, A.; Aguilar, Jose L.; Cosola, A.; Fernández Sanchez-Romate, Xoan Xosé; Jiménez-Suárez, A.; Sangermano, M.; Campo, M.; Prolongo, Silvia G.
The shape memory (SM) capabilities of nanocomposites based on two photocurable acrylated/methacrylated resins, doped with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and manufactured by digital light processing 3D printing were investigated. The mechanical properties and glass transition temperature (Tg) can be tailored in a broad range by varying the weight ratio of the two resins (Tg ranging from 15 to 190 °C; Young’s modulus from 1.5 to 2500 MPa). Shape fixity (SF) and recovery (SR) ratios are strongly influenced by the temperature being significantly higher at temperatures close to the Tg. The results confirm that the SF strongly depends on the stiffness of chain segments between cross-linking points, whereas the SR mainly depends on the cross-link density of the network. CNT addition barely affects the SF and SR in the conventional oven, whereas the recovery speed using IR heating is significantly increased for the doped nanocomposites due to their higher IR absorbance.
A review of International Counter-Terrorism strategy through a criminological assessment of the punitive model implemented in Europe
(Editorial Team, 2021-01-31) Ropero Carrasco, Julia; García Sánchez, Beatriz
Jihadist terrorism, especially since the Al Qaeda attacks in 2001 and the consolidation of Daesh as an autonomous group in the following decade, has reasonably represented one of the main political concerns worldwide. In turn, the cruelty exhibited by Daesh has caused an undeniable impact on public opinion, which demands security above all else and which has been exploited by the public authorities to promote military and security strategies, together with a restrictive policy on fundamental rights such as freedom of expression, advancing the criminal barrier to questionable limits.
A 120-second stretch improves postural control and plantar pressure: quasi-experimental study
(Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 2022-05-02) Martínez Jiménez, Eva María; Losa Iglesias, Marta Elena; González Martín, Sara; López López, Daniel; Roca Dols, Andrea; Rodriguez Sanz, David; Becerro de Bengoa Vallejo, Ricardo; Calvo Lobo, César
BACKGROUND: There are no studies on long-term bilateral calf stretching in relation to balance and plantar pressure. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate that there is better control of posture and pressures after continuous stretching of the posterior calf muscles. DESIGN AND SETTING: Pre and post-intervention study conducted in a private clinic. METHODS: We measured static footprints and stabilometry before and after continuous passive plantar flexor stretching of duration 120 seconds, among 24 healthy subjects. RESULTS: We found differences in Y displacement with eyes closed (P = 0.010), but not among other variables with eyes closed: X displacement (P = 0.263); surface (P = 0.940); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.279); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.914). There were also no differences in eyes-open variables: X displacement (P = 0.341); Y displacement (P = 0.491); surface (P = 0.167); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.852); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.079). The plantar pressures in the heel (maximum pressure, P = 0.048; mean pressure, P = 0.001) and in the midfoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.004; mean pressure, P = 0.004) were reduced, but not in the forefoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.391; mean pressure, P = 0.225). The surface became larger in the forefoot (P = 0.000) and midfoot (P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Continuous static stretching of plantar flexors for 120 seconds improved stance balance and reduced plantar pressures (maximum and mean) in the rearfoot and midfoot. It also increased the surface in the midfoot and forefoot. TRIAL REGISTRATION: at clinicaltrials.gov, under the number NTC03743168.

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